Introduction Influenza, which may cause seasonal epidemics and pandemics, remains a major health danger. New strains of the influenza virus can cause severe disease and...
Introduction The MHC recognizes and presents foreign antigens to immune cells in the complicated human immune system. Adaptive immunity relies on the MHC, also known...
Nutritionists have long debated saturated vs unsaturated fatty acids. Fatty acids fuel our bodies and develop them. They are saturated or unsaturated. Chemical structure determines...
Rod-shaped and endospore-forming, these species are similar. They differ in pathogenicity, ecological niche, and clinical importance. Understanding these characteristics helps identify, diagnose, and treat certain...
Understanding immunity and generating effective vaccines requires studying antigens, important components of our immune system. O and H antigens are important. Gram-negative bacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae,...